One to correct dentary fragment with P/step three-M/step three (Buddy 59); one correct dentary fragment that have M/2-M/step three (Friend 61)

Differential medical diagnosis. Oxacron differs from Caintheriinae of the visibility from subtriangular top molars in the place of crested appearances, a shorter postparacristula, slim premolars, a weaker postprotoconulid, a beneficial biradiculate P/1, diastemata anywhere between P/2-P/step three and you can P1/-P2/, and you may an effective protocone a whole lot more mesial as compared to paracone towards P4/. It differs as well as from Plesiomeryx and you may Caenomeryx varieties because of the less dimensions, an inferior protocone towards P3/, and also the absence of an effective protocone toward P2/. They is different from Cainotherium because of the shorter proportions, the absence of cingula/ids towards the premolars, good triangular P3/, and also the exposure regarding an area within entoconid and mesoconid on lower molars. Oxacron was distinguished on most other Oxacroninae Paroxacron from the faster premolars, a good P1/, P/step one, and you will P/2 caniniforms, a shorter mesial lobe on P3/, an excellent triangular P4/, and additionally a smaller sized paraconule into upper molars. In the long run, Oxacron is different from Palembertina gen. the fall of. by many people characters (find above).

Question regarding Palembert. Palembert is situated in the latest Quercy phosphorites urban area (South-west of France) nearby the town out of Caylus (Tarn-et-Garonne, France).

Results

Dysfunction. Oxacron courtoisii of Palembert is reported by the its all the way down dentition having a few fragmentary dentaries. With regards to the alveola trend away from Friend 59 (Contour https://datingranking.net/nl/recon-overzicht/ 2A-B), the new P/step 1 is biradiculate. Very short diastemata occur ranging from P/1-P/dos and you will P/2-P/step 3. P/3 and P/4 try brief. The fresh new P/3 gift suggestions a strong protoconid and you can an initial distal cristid lingually rounded. The newest P/4 shows an excellent protoconid so much more mesial versus metaconid. The talonid basin are high which have a little postprotoconulid and you may good small hypoconid. The latest entoconid is extremely poor.

The reduced molars (Friend 59, Buddy 61; Shape 2A-D) present the latest “Caintotherium bundle” that have three higher lingual cuspids: an excellent mesial metaconid, an excellent medial metaconulid, and you will an effective distal entoconid. The brand new paraconid is quick. The metaconulid is actually large, far from this new metaconid and you can split up of the a lengthy mediocristid. The fresh new talonid is actually bucco-lingually constricted having an enormous centroconulid and a postendocentroconulid expanded distolingually. The fresh entoconid was looped and distal than the hypoconid. The Meters/3 gifts a large hypoconulid as opposed to a posthypocristulid. The newest mesial cingulid is pretty large.

The fresh mandible (Buddy 59) reveals a couple intellectual foramina into horizontal ramus, you to definitely below the mesial part of P/dos and another below the mesial part of P/cuatro (Contour 2B). New lateral ramus was gracile and you can superficial, and its particular peak is quite lingering between the premolar urban area and you may the past molar. The angular apophysis, maybe not preserved, is mesially delimited of the a powerful incisura vasorum (Buddy 59, Friend sixty; Contour 2B, 2D).

Phylogenetic Data

New cladistic data retained an individual parsimonious forest (length = 183, Texture Directory [CI] = 0.forty eight, Preservation List [RI] = 0.73, CI with just parsimony-informative emails = 0.45; Shape cuatro), reflecting a well-organized code and seemingly weakened homoplasy. The newest topology is congruent with this of Weppe et al. (2020), the new taxon Palembertina deplasi nov. gen. late. sp. searching for their lay inside the monophyletic Cainotheriidae, due to the fact sibling taxon with the clade C (Oxacroninae, Cainotheriinae). Aforementioned accumulates several subfamilies: Oxacroninae, having Oxacron and you will Paroxacron; and you can Cainotheriinae, which have Plesiomeryx, Caenomeryx, and Cainotherium.

The brand new monophyly away from Cainotheriidae, and additionally Palembertina gen. biguous synapomorphies (Bremer directory [BI] = 4). He is described as the latest exposure to their top molars, of: a huge parastyle the same as other designs (8 step 1 ; RI = 0.67), an effective distostyle (11 1 ; RI = 0.89), a very good dilambdodonty (twenty-two step one ; RI = 0.88), good postparacristula (29 step one ; RI = 0.86), and you will too little preprotocrista and you may paraconule junction (17 0 ; RI = 0.67); on the lower molars, it introduce: a massive (36 1 ; RI = step 1.000) and you will personalized metaconulid (37 step one ; RI = step 1.00), an excellent neotrigonid (51 1 ; RI = step one.00), therefore the absence of hypoconulid into M/1 and M/2 (41 0 ; RI = 0.75). In this Cainotheriidae, Palembertina gen. the fall of. is the very first offshoot and appears as new aunt taxon to the fresh clade C (Oxacroninae, Cainotheriinae). It shows about three autapomorphies: a primary diastema ranging from P/2-P/3 (6 step one ; RI = 0.33), in addition to good looped mesostyle (10 0 ; RI = 0.50) and you will an enormous distostyle (12 1 ) into higher molars. The newest clade C (BI = 2) are supported by six low-unknown synapomorphies, to your higher molars: an effective distal protocone (13 2 ; RI = 0.94), a small cingulum surrounding new protocone (20 step 1 ; RI = 0.58), and you can a lengthy postprotocrista (twenty-eight step one ; RI = 0.50); to your all the way down molars: a highly distal entoconid (43 2 ; RI = step one.00), and lack of a beneficial basin-shaped hypoconulid (forty 0 ; RI = 0.75) as well as posthypocristulid (55 0 ; RI = 0.67) into the M/step 3. Within this clade C, Oxacroninae (BI=1) try backed by an excellent protocone alot more mesial versus paracone into the P4/ (62 1 ; RI = 0.50) and a good biradiculate P/1 (77 step one ; RI = step one.00), and you will Cainotheriinae (BI = 1) was supported by a great postparacristula buccally a lot of time signing up for the newest preprotocrista into the higher molars (thirty two 1 ; RI = step one.00) and you can a huge postprotoconulid to the down premolars (76 step 1 ; RI = step 1.00).